Archives des mots-clés : Pierre Mounier

Les humanités numériques

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Auteur/Author : Pierre Mounier

Quel avenir faut-il prédire aux humanités ? Les signes d’une désaffection pour la culture humaniste se sont multipliés au cours des dernières années en France et ailleurs. Dans ce contexte morose et déprimé, le développement des humanités numériques apparaît à certains comme une planche de salut pour des disciplines autrement condamnées à disparaître.

Toutefois, réinventer les humanités par le numérique suppose de relever trois défis de taille : leur rapport à la technique, leur relation au politique et enfin à la science elle-même. Les humanités numériques sont très critiquées : pour certains elles relèvent de la poudre aux yeux, pour d’autres, elles constituent une menace extraordinaire.

Mais s’il y a bien quelque chose que l’on ne peut contester, c’est leur capacité à poser de bonnes questions aux différentes disciplines des sciences humaines et sociales.

Penser la place que les humanités doivent tenir dans notre monde implique d’en redéfinir le contrat social et épistémique. Elles sont riches d’opportunités de ce point de vue : à condition de ne pas dénaturer la spécificité humanistique des pratiques de recherche auxquelles elles s’appliquent.

URL : https://books.openedition.org/editionsmsh/12006

Leveraging Concepts in Open Access Publications

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Authors : Andrea Bertino, Luca Foppiano, Laurent Romary, Pierre Mounier

Aim

This paper addresses the integration of a Named Entity Recognition and Disambiguation (NERD) service within a group of open access (OA) publishing digital platforms and considers its potential impact on both research and scholarly publishing.

This application, called entity-fishing, was initially developed by Inria in the context of the EU FP7 project CENDARI (Lopez et al., 2014) and provides automatic entity recognition and disambiguation against Wikipedia and Wikidata. Distributed with an open-source licence, it was deployed as a web service in the DARIAH infrastructure hosted at the French HumaNum.

Methods

In this paper, we focus on the specific issues related to its integration on five OA platforms specialized in the publication of scholarly monographs in social sciences and humanities as part of the work carried out within the EU H2020 project HIRMEOS (High Integration of Research Monographs in the European Open Science infrastructure).

Results and Discussion

In the following sections, we give a brief overview of the current status and evolution of OA publications and how HIRMEOS aims to contribute to this.

We then give a comprehensive description of the entity-fishing service, focusing on its concrete applications in real use cases together with some further possible ideas on how to exploit the generated annotations.

Conclusions

We show that entity-fishing annotations can improve both research and publishing process. Entity-fishing annotations can be used to achieve a better and quicker understanding of the specific and disciplinary language of certain monographs and so encourage non-specialists to use them.

In addition, a systematic implementation of the entity-fishing service can be used by publishers to generate thematic indexes within book collections to allow better cross-linking and query functions.

URL : https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01900303/

‘Publication favela’ or bibliodiversity? Open access publishing viewed from a European perspective

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Author : Pierre Mounier

A number of initiatives exist in European countries to support open scholarly communication in humanities and social sciences.

This article looks at the work of Open Access in the European Research Area through Scholarly Communication (OPERAS), a consortium of 36 partners from all over Europe, including many university presses, that is working to build a future European infrastructure to address the challenges in open access publishing.

Their initial study, OPERAS‐D, revealed a variety of models among the partners influenced by national cultures. Although the partners’ activities were found to be fragmented, they also reflect the ‘bibliodiversity’ that exists in European societies.

To address the challenge of fragmentation, it is argued that, by following a cooperative model, European actors can benefit by sharing expertise, resources, and costs of development for the good of all.

As a future infrastructure to support open scholarly communication across Europe, OPERAS aims to coordinate a range of publishers and service providers to offer researchers and societies a fully functional web of services to cover the entire research lifecycle.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1002/leap.1194