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  Hans Dillaerts 21 h 38 min on 4 September 2010 Permalien | Connectez-vous pour laisser un commentaire
  Tags: ICT, institutional repository ( 3 ), open knowledge   

  The University of Alicante’s institutional strategy to promote the open dissemination of knowledge :
  « Purpose : Information and communication technologies have became pervasive in people’s lives and in this changing world education cannot remain anchored in old-fashioned models which ignore the evolution through which society is going. This paper seeks to present the gamble made by the University of Alicante (Spain) on the promotion of open knowledge.

  Design/methodology/approach : The educational environment cannot continue to be fixed, closed and isolated, where students – assuming a basically passive role – receive standardised teaching. It must consequently experience a fast and decisive transformation which allows it, amongst other things, to respond to the new challenge posed by society: the need for all of us to share the knowledge we generate, so that further progress can be made.

  Findings : The Institutional Repository (RUA) and the OpenCourseWare of the University of Alicante (OCW-UA) were conceived from the very beginning as related projects that could constitute consecutive phases in the open publication of knowledge. In this way the aim of presenting the promotion of open knowledge not as a series of discrete projects but as a global strategic gamble of the institution was achieved. In addition to the most visible educational benefits, this policy has had the virtue of favouring the assumption by the University of its role as an online provider of quality (scientific and teaching) content.

  Originality/value : RUA is the storage place of all the teaching materials published by the University of Alicante’s teaching staff, which are retrieved from OCW-UA, while OCW-UA serves as an organisational model of teaching content self-archived by the teaching staff in RUA. The connection between the projects has allowed the presentation of the promotion of open knowledge as a global strategic gamble of the University, which has contributed to a greater acceptance by the teaching staff. This work is original in that it shows a successful experience of involvement by one university and its members in the promotion of open knowledge. »

  URL : http://rua.ua.es/dspace/handle/10045/14319

  

   

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  Hans Dillaerts 20 h 45 min on 8 August 2010 Permalien
  Tags: ICT, open access ( 153 ), open data ( 11 ), science commons, scientific communication ( 37 ), scientific data, scientific research ( 3 )   

  Data Sharing, Latency Variables and the Science Commons :
  « Over the past decade, the rapidly decreasing cost of computer storage and the increasing prevalence of high-speed Internet connections have fundamentally altered the way in which scientific research is conducted. Led by scientists in disciplines such as genomics, the rapid sharing of data sets and cross-institutional collaboration promise to increase scientific efficiency and output dramatically. As a result, an increasing number of public “commons” of scientific data are being created: aggregations intended to be used and accessed by researchers worldwide. Yet, the sharing of scientific data presents legal, ethical and practical challenges that must be overcome before such science commons can be deployed and utilized to their greatest potential. These challenges include determining the appropriate level of intellectual property protection for data within the commons, balancing the publication priority interests of data generators and data users, ensuring a viable economic model for publishers and other intermediaries and achieving the public benefits sought by funding agencies.
  In this paper, I analyze scientific data sharing within the framework offered by organizational theory, expanding existing analytical approaches with a new tool termed “latency analysis.” I place latency analysis within the larger Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework, as well as more recent variations of that framework. Latency analysis exploits two key variables that characterize all information commons: the rate at which information enters the commons (its knowledge latency) and the rate at which the knowledge in the commons becomes be freely utilizable (its rights latency). With these two variables in mind, one proceeds to a three-step analytical methodology that consists of (1) determining the stakeholder communities relevant to the information commons, (2) determining the policy objectives that are relevant to each stakeholder group, and (3) mediating among the differing positions of the stakeholder groups through adjustments to the latency variables of the commons.
  I apply latency analysis to two well-known narratives of commons formation in the sciences: the field of genomics, which developed unique modes of rapid data sharing during the Human Genome Project and continues to influence data sharing practices in the biological sciences today; and the more generalized case of open access publishing requirements imposed on publishers by the U.S. National Institutes of Health and various research universities. In each of these cases, policy designers have used timing mechanisms to achieve policy outcomes. That is, by regulating the speed at which information is released into a commons, and then by imposing time-based restrictions on its use, policy designers have addressed the concerns of multiple stakeholders and established information commons that operate effectively and equitably. I conclude that the use of latency variables in commons policy design can, in general, reduce negotiation transaction costs, achieve efficient and equitable results for all stakeholders, and thereby facilitate the formation of socially-valuable commons of scientific information. »
  URL : http://works.bepress.com/jorge_contreras/3

  

   
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  Hans Dillaerts 18 h 39 min on 5 August 2010 Permalien
  Tags: ICT, research library ( 4 )   

  Future Leaders’ Views on Organizational Culture :
  « Research libraries will continue to be affected by rapid and transformative changes in information technology and the networked environment for the foreseeable future. The pace and direction of these changes will profoundly challenge libraries and their staffs to respond effectively. This paper presents the results of a survey that was designed to discern the perceptions and preferences of future library leaders related to organizational cultures in these times of precipitous change. The study finds that future leaders of academic libraries perceive a significant gap between their current and preferred organizational cultures and that current organizational cultures limit their effectiveness. »
  URL : http://eprints.rclis.org/18915/

  

   
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  Hans Dillaerts 10 h 09 min on 11 July 2010 Permalien
  Tags: Future internet ( 2 ), ICT, Knowledge Economy ( 2 )   

  THE EVOLUTION OF NEWS AND THE INTERNET :
  « Importantly, the study shows that many promising forms of news creation and distribution are being
  experimented with, some of which are empowered by increasing technological sophistication and resulting
  decentralised forms of content creation and broad-based participation. The rise of the Internet and other
  technologies radically changes how news is produced and diffused. It enables the entry of new intermediaries that create and distribute news, including online news aggregators, online news publishers,
  mobile news actors, citizen journalism and many more. Information providers with very different
  trajectories (TV, newspapers and Internet companies) are now competing head-on in a global online news
  environment. More recently newspaper websites have seen strong growth in their own pages, with large
  newspapers reporting several million unique visitors to their pages per month, increasingly including
  readers from abroad, a radical shift from national patterns of established newspapers. »
  URL : http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/30/24/45559596.pdf

  

   
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  Hans Dillaerts 21 h 21 min on 30 June 2010 Permalien
  Tags: ICT, open data ( 11 )   

  Building a Sustainable Framework for Open Access to Research Data Through Information and Communication Technologies :
  The growth in information and communication technology (ICT) has brought about increased pace in information and knowledge exchange. This increased pace is being fuelled in large part by the open exchange of information. The pressure for open access to research data is gaining momentum in virtually every field of human endeavour. Data is the life blood of science and quite unsurprisingly data repositories are rapidly becoming an essential component of the infrastructure of the global science system. Improved
  access to data will transform the way research is conducted. It will create new opportunities and avenues for improved efficiency in dealing with social, economic and scientific challenges facing humanity. [...]
  Despite the admitted benefits of open access to research data, the concept is still bugged by series of factors both legal and ethical which must be resolved in other to derive the maximum benefit arising from open access to data. This resolution will require the development of a sustainable framework to facilitate access to and use of research data by researchers, academics institutions, private individuals and other users. [...]
  URL : http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca/dspace/bitstream/10625/41336/1/129183.pdf

  

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  Hans Dillaerts 11 h 07 min on 22 June 2010 Permalien
  Tags: European Union ( 8 ), ICT   

  Educating Europe – Exploiting the benefits of ICT :
  This report looks at how information and communication technology (ICT) is playing a key role in the education and training of European citizens. ICT offers far more than a convenient way to deliver educational content. Today, researchers are demonstrating how ICT can actually enhance the learning process for all Europeans and make lifelong learning part of everyday activity.
  URL : http://cordis.europa.eu/ictresults/pdf/policyreport/INF%207%200100%20IST-R%20policy%20report-education_final.pdf

  

   
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  Hans Dillaerts 22 h 33 min on 11 June 2010 Permalien
  Tags: European Union ( 8 ), ICT   

  ICT for all – Technology supporting an inclusive world :
  This report explores Europe’s vision for a society where every individual can make a valuable contribution. Investments in pioneering and commercially focused research will produce information and communication technologies (ICTs) that should help everyone – including the elderly, disabled and marginalised – to fulfil their potential.
  URL : http://cordis.europa.eu/ictresults/pdf/policyreport/INF%207%200100%20IST-R%20policy%20report-eInclusion_final%20studio.pdf

  

   
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  Hans Dillaerts 17 h 32 min on 31 May 2010 Permalien
  Tags: ICT   

  Feasibility Study on the AfricaConnect Initiative :
  To be able to fulfil their missions, African research and higher education institutions need access to the global research and education network infrastructure. Unlike their peers on other continents, most African institutions do currently not have such an access.
  Within the partnership on Science and Technology, the African and European Union Commissions have
  given highest priority to the AfricaConnect initiative as an early deliverable with the objective to support the African research and higher education institutions in their effort to get access to this resource, which is a requirement for the development of knowledge societies. An emerging terrestrial broadband communication infrastructure seems to offer opportunities for African institutions to join.
  This one-year feasibility study for AfricaConnect, FEAST, was commissioned by EC late 2008 to explore
  the feasibility of deploying a regional backbone connecting dedicated National Research and Education
  Networks (NRENs) in Africa to each other and to their peers on other continents via GÉANT, the pan-
  European research and education network backbone. The study has been carried out by KTH as main
  contractor and DANTE and TERENA as subcontractors. The research leading up to the findings has been conducted via physical visits, workshops and email discussions involving policy makers, regulators, communication operators, infrastructure owners as well as faculty members, students and research and education network communities in about 30 African countries. Many of the contacts come from long-standing institutional and individual cooperation in the areas of research and education.
  URL : http://www.feast-project.org/documents/FEAST-Final-Report-2010-03-22.pdf

  

   
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  Hans Dillaerts 20 h 50 min on 21 May 2010 Permalien
  Tags: ICT   

  Dictionnaire politique d’Internet et du numérique : Les 66 enjeux de la société numérique :
  Ce dictionnaire est l’ultime démonstration que l’Internet n’est plus un simple segment de la
  réalité. Il est la réalité. Comme toutes les révolutions technologiques, il déplace les lignes en
  économie, faisant naître de nouveaux produits, donc une nouvelle demande et améliorant la
  productivité des entreprises, donc l’offre. Mais à la différence des deux grands bouleversements qui l’ont précédé, la machine à vapeur et l’électricité, il exerce son influence bien au-delà de la sphère économique. C’est, pour l’univers culturel, un ébranlement à la mesure de l’invention de l’imprimerie et de la découverte, en peinture, de la perspective. Livre, cinéma, musique, télévision, théâtre, arts plastiques : l’onde de choc va les atteindre les uns après les autres. C’est, de même, pour le jeu démocratique, un séisme. A cause de l’impact sur les contrepouvoirs, la presse en tête. A cause de l’espace incroyable ouvert à l’opinion publique. A cause de l’accélération des réactions, des émotions, des prises de position qui transforme l’exercice du métier politique. Il faut désormais, au point où en est le net, se poser la question à l’envers : quelle est l’exception ? Quel est le domaine immunisé
  face à l’influence de l’Internet ? L’archéologie ? L’agriculture ? La numismatique ? Toutes les activités sont, d’une manière ou d’une autre, concernées. Les religions alors ? La théologie et les rites ne sont pas encore concernés mais la vie des communautés religieuses est déjà affectée, comme celle de toutes les communautés humaines. Dès lors que l’Internet fait corps avec la réalité, l’inquiétude se manifeste comme pour tout changement technologique, par le caractère bienfaisant ou malfaisant de son action. Simon Nora et moi avions plaidé, il y a plus de trente ans, dans notre Rapport sur l’informatisation de la société que l’informatique était neutre et qu’elle deviendrait ce que la société en ferait. Ce qui valait à l’époque pour l’informatique demeure a fortiori vrai pour l’Internet. Celui-ci peut être progressiste ou réactionnaire, libérateur ou aliénant, stimulant ou inhibant, totalitaire ou démocratique, monopoliste ou ouvert, novateur ou conservateur … Nous somme seuls responsables. Le
  résultat ne se lira d’ailleurs pas en blanc et noir. Le net peut être gage de progrès dans certains
  domaines et régressif dans d’autres. C’est affaire d’intelligence collective. Dans son utilisation. Dans son encadrement juridique. Dans ses échanges avec la société matérielle. Les questions sont abyssales, les réponses sophistiquées. Le dictionnaire de l’Internet en témoigne par la variété des articles et surtout par la qualité des contributaires dont beaucoup n’auraient jamais imaginé, il y a quelques années, s’exprimer sur un tel sujet. Eux aussi sont emportés par cet incroyable mouvement, le web, qui nous enveloppe et nous submerge.
  URL : http://www.latribune.fr/static/pdf/Dictionnaire.pdf

  

   
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  Hans Dillaerts 18 h 40 min on 18 May 2010 Permalien
  Tags: ICT, Knowledge Economy ( 2 )   

  Towards the EU-LAC Knowledge Area : Scientific and Technological Cooperation between
  Latin America, the Caribbean and the European Union for Sustainable Development and Social Inclusion.
  URL : http://ec.europa.eu/research/iscp/pdf/fa_eu_amlatina_en.pdf

  

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