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Le copyleft appliqué à la création hors logiciel…

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Le copyleft appliqué à la création hors logiciel. Une reformulation des données culturelles ? :

“Le copyleft est une notion juridique issue des logiciels libres qui autorise, dans le respect des droits de l’auteur, la copie, la diffusion et la transformation des œuvres avec l’interdiction d’en avoir une jouissance exclusive. C’est le projet GNU de la Free Software Foundation initié par Richard Stallman avec la première licence libre copyleft pour logiciels : la General Public License.
Notre recherche concerne le copyleft appliqué à la création hors logiciel telle que nous l’avons initiée en 2000 avec la Licence Art Libre. À travers la pratique que nous en avons et par l’observation de ses effets, nous nous interrogeons sur la place de l’auteur à l’ère du numérique et de l’internet. Nous découvrons une histoire, une histoire de l’art, qui n’est plus déterminée par une fin mais qui débouche sur des créations infinies réalisées par une infinité d’artistes mineurs et conséquents. Nous observons que le copyleft n’est pas un processus de création ordinaire, mais de décréation. Il s’agit d’affirmer, par la négative et la faille, non la négation ou la faillite, mais la beauté d’un geste qui s’offre gracieusement. Ce geste conjugue éthique et esthétique, il est « es-éthique ». Nous comprenons qu’avec le copyleft, la technique est au service d’une politique d’ouverture « hyper-démocratique », à l’image de l’hypertexte du web qui troue les pages et ouvre sur l’altérité. Il s’agit d’articuler le singulier au pluriel en un écosystème qui préserve le bien commun de la passion du pouvoir. Une économie élargie excède, sans le nier, le seul marché. Des œuvres copyleft affirment cette réalité politique et culturelle où l’art forme la liberté commune à tous et à chacun.”

URL : http://antoinemoreau.org/index.php?cat=these

Establishing an Institutional Repository A UNISA Case Study…

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Establishing an Institutional Repository: A UNISA Case Study :

“The purpose of the paper is to share and learn about the roles of Academic Libraries with reference to the establishment of the Institutional Repository as a mechanism which can benefit scholars to expose their work, putting the institution at the level where-in its research output can
be evaluated and accessed by their peers. The institutional repository provides opportunity for citations, providing an opportunity for the required expose to other web based access tools. It can provide an alternative to the conventional publishing channel. The paper will focus on the practical experience of the UNISA library as a result of the implementation of the Institutional Repository through a pilot project.

UNISA, as an international university with its vision “Towards the African University in the service of humanity” has comprehensive and valuable research output by its academics. The institutional repository is a tool which can benefit scholars to expose their work and putting the
institution at the level where in its research out can be evaluated and accessed by their peers. The
institutional repository provides opportunity for citations, publication which is free, providing an opportunity for the required expose to other web based access tools.

One of UNISA’s strategic objectives is to implement an institutional repository, starting with the pilot project in 2008. This decision has created a positive platform for the library to utilize the
skills available to create a repository for the research output for UNISA. UNISA library has embarked on a pilot project to establish an institutional repository as a vehicle to expose its academic research output in a coherent manner. There are challenges in the process which require further debates on the benefits this platform would bring to both the university and individual academics. There is still a lot of mistrust, resistance and lack of skills from academics. Unless the information is shared, debates and workshops are held on the benefits from putting ones work on the institutional repository, African researchers will continue to aspire to exposure outside Africa. Institutional repositories can provide the platform to electronic journals, with a bigger potential if co-ordinated through the academic institutions to have the African market of
researchers more exposed, thus building our own African research output. The benefit of this is to
disseminate the research of African academics.

An overview of the role the Library plays in creation and establishing the Institutional repository will be provided. Information will be shared with the colleagues who wish to establish an Institutional Repository, while also providing an opportunity to learn how to utilize the tool to benefit researchers who are challenged, in terms of publishing their work. The academic libraries in higher education are willing to assist in establish a platform through the institutional repository, which is available through any internet.

The paper will conclude by highlighting some solutions to ensure that the research work of academics is exposed to the world. It will also provide an alternative to start providing access for potential articles which can get into the “international journals”. It will tell the UNISA library
story.”

URL : http://uir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/4297

Funding for Sustainability How Funders’ Practices Influence the…

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Funding for Sustainability: How Funders’ Practices Influence the Future of Digital Resources :

“Over the past decade, philanthropic organizations and government agencies have invested millions of dollars, pounds, and euros in the creation of digital content in the not-for-profit sector. Their grants have facilitated major digitization efforts and encouraged innovative scholarly work possible only in an online environment. Still, the path from initial grant funding to long-term sustainability of these resources can be challenging.

Ithaka S+R, with generous support from the JISC-led Strategic Content Alliance, interviewed more than 80 individuals, including representatives from more than 25 funding bodies in Europe and North America with a focus on digital resources in the higher education and cultural heritage sectors. Through a year-long research process, Ithaka S+R observed a rich range of sustainability planning activities, but also identified areas for improvement in the funding process that are valuable to both funders and grant seekers. The report also offers funders and project leaders a high-level process for working together at the proposal stage to set plans for post-grant sustainability.”

URL : http://www.ithaka.org/ithaka-s-r/research/funding-for-sustainability

The Development of Open Access Journal Publishing from…

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The Development of Open Access Journal Publishing from 1993 to 2009 :

“Open Access (OA) is a model for publishing scholarly peer reviewed journals, made possible by the Internet. The full text of OA journals and articles can be freely read, as the publishing is funded through means other than subscriptions. Empirical research concerning the quantitative development of OA publishing has so far consisted of scattered individual studies providing brief snapshots, using varying methods and data sources. This study adopts a systematic method for studying the development of OA journals from their beginnings in the early 1990s until 2009. Because no comprehensive index of OA articles exists, systematic manual data collection from journal web sites was conducted based on journal-level data extracted from the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). Due to the high number of journals registered in the DOAJ, almost 5000 at the time of the study, stratified random sampling was used. A separate sample of verified early pioneer OA journals was also studied. The results show a very rapid growth of OA publishing during the period 1993–2009. During the last year an estimated 191 000 articles were published in 4769 journals. Since the year 2000, the average annual growth rate has been 18% for the number of journals and 30% for the number of articles. This can be contrasted to the reported 3,5% yearly volume increase in journal publishing in general. In 2009 the share of articles in OA journals, of all peer reviewed journal articles, reached 7,7%. Overall, the results document a rapid growth in OA journal publishing over the last fifteen years. Based on the sampling results and qualitative data a division into three distinct periods is suggested: The Pioneering years (1993–1999), the Innovation years (2000–2004), and the Consolidation years (2005–2009).”

URL : http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0020961;jsessionid=4113A80C11E4025D98E160C2D7BCFB7D.ambra01

Open Access to Research Changing Researcher Behavior Through…

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Open Access to Research: Changing Researcher Behavior Through University and Funder Mandates :

“The primary target of the worldwide Open Access initiative is the 2.5 million articles published every year in the planet’s 25,000 peer-reviewed research journals across all scholarly and scientific fields. Without exception, every one of these articles is an author give-away, written, not for royalty income, but solely to be used, applied and built upon by other researchers. The optimal and inevitable solution for this give-away research is that it should be made freely accessible to all its would-be users online and not only to those whose institutions can afford subscription access to the journal in which it happens to be published. Yet this optimal and inevitable solution, already fully within the reach of the global research community for at least two decades now, has been taking a remarkably long time to be grasped. The problem is not particularly an instance of “eDemocracy” one way or the other; it is an instance of inaction because of widespread misconceptions (reminiscent of Zeno’s Paradox). The solution is for the world’s research institutions and funders to (1) extend their existing “publish or perish” mandates so as to (2) require their employees and fundees to maximize the usage and impact of the research they are employed and funded to conduct and publish by (3) depositing their final drafts in their Open Access (OA) Institutional Repositories immediately upon acceptance for publication in order to (4) make their findings freely accessible to all their potential users webwide. OA metrics can then be used to measure and reward research progress and impact; and multiple layers of links, tags, commentary and discussion can be built upon and integrated with the primary research.”

URL : http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/22401/

Online Access and the Scientific Journal Market An…

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Online Access and the Scientific Journal Market: An Economist’s Perspective (Draft Report for the National Academy of Sciences) :

In Section 1 of the report I will focus on the most basic unit of analysis – the scientific journal as a communication platform – and then discuss the behavior of publishers, authors, libraries, etc. Once this is accomplished, I can address the questions identified earlier: in Section 2, the journals crisis, and in Section 3, the impact of online access on citations. Finally, Section 4 summarizes the main conclusions of the report, considers the policy implications and offers some directions for future research.”

URL : https://commons.georgetown.edu/blogs/copyrightnrc/files/NRC-Copyright-McCabe-NAS-Report-draft2.pdf

Archives de l’Internet étude prospective sur les représentations…

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Archives de l’Internet : étude prospective sur les représentations et les attentes des utilisateurs potentiels :

“Depuis 2006, la BnF s’est vue confier la mission du dépôt légal de l’Internet français. Des collectes automatiques sont assurées 24h/24 par le service du dépôt légal numérique, dont le résultat est accessible à titre expérimental en bibliothèque de Recherche.
Dans cette phase encore expérimentale, il était important d’explorer les attentes et les besoins des publics potentiels, appelés à se développer dans le futur. À cette fin, une série d’entretiens a été réalisée par la délégation à la Stratégie et à la recherche de la BnF auprès de chercheurs, professionnels, et usagers de la bibliothèque de Recherche. Ces entretiens ont été l’occasion de mieux cerner les représentations que se font ces publics d’une archive du web.”

URL : http://www.bnf.fr/fr/la_bnf/pro_publics_sur_place_et_distance/a.etude_archives_web.html